Video: What is the Solution on Coronavirus Pandemic? There are also a great number of more specific signs listed in the compilations. This Fatwa states that more than twenty companions narrated traditions concerning al-Mahdi, and gives a list of those scholars of Hadith who have transmitted these narrations, and those who have written books on al-Mahdi. These discussions are ongoing even though the belief in the Mahdi is essentially Islamic and is widely accepted among scholars and ordinary Muslims. The Shi’ites will undergo a process of sifting in which the unbelievers will be rooted out from the believers. Ali Teymoori: Salaam Alaykum dear brother. 11, section 1, p251, • Nuzool Isa Ibn Maryam Akhir al-Zaman, by Jalaluddin al-Suyuti, p57, • Musnad, by Abu Ya’ala which provides another version of the tradition with more clear words on the authority of Jabir that the Messenger of Allah said: "A group among my Ummah will continue to fight for the truth until Jesus, the son of Marry, will descend, and the Imam of them will ask him to lead the prayer, but Jesus replies: "You have more right to it, and verily Allah has honored some of you over others in this Ummah.". The idea of an absolute Mahdi as an infallible guide is therefore rejected by Sunni theologians. This is a bizarre opinion since the issue of prayer of Jesus behind al-Mahdi has been proven strongly via numerous authentic traditions from the Messenger of Allah, who is the most truthful.”And then al-Suyuti goes on narrating some of the traditions in this regard. He will be called the Mahdi. In fact, early Imamites attempted to present the Imamate and Mahdi-ism of the Twelfth Imam in occultation in a logical and rational way. He is visibly present and walks through their marketplaces and into their homes, and nobody recognizes him. Complementary to the doctrine of the greater Occultation is the notion of Intizar, or the expectation and awaiting of the Hidden Imam’s return. Mahdi and Messiah are two different personalities but they come at the same time, Mahdi as Imam and Jesus as his follower. Did Imam al-Husayn (as) Know He Would Be killed? He will be such a tyrant that he will kill the children and rip out the bellies of women. The Most Envious, Background Of Enmity Of Aisha Against Imam ‘Ali (as), Sunni Feedback on the Issues of Infallibility and Ahlul-Bayt, Reference To Infallibility In Sahih Al-Bukhari, Reference To Infallibility In Sahih Al-Tirmidhi, Few Facts About The Twelve Imams Of Ahlul-Bait. Sunni reference: Sunan Ibn Majah, V2, Tradition #4085 As we see Imam Mahdi is from the Ahlul Bayt of Prophet Muhammad, so he can not be Jesus (the Messiah; al-Maseeh). According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the Mahdi traditions contained in the canonical Sunni hadith collections of Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Madja and al-Nassa’i as well as the Musnad of Ibn Hanbal, were numerous enough to provide a solid basis for the popular belief in the Mahdi as well as in the post-classical collections of hadith like those of al-Tabarani, al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, and al-Bayhaki. He has also reported that the Imam of the Muslims who will lead Prophet Jesus in prayer is Imam al-Mahdi himself. It is evident from the above traditions that Imam al-Mahdi (A.S) is from the Ahlul-Bayt of Prophet Muhammad, so he can not be Jesus (the Messiah; al-Maseeh). Books on Islam, Muslims, Prophet Muhammad(s), Ahlul Bayt. The verses of the Qur’an concerning the Mahdi have also been interpreted by numerous traditions through Sunni chains of transmission, as will be seen in the third chapter. (4)"Al-Bayan fi Akhbar Sahib al-Zaman,”by Allamah Abu Abdillah Ibn Muhammad Yusuf al-Ganji al-Shafi’i. I would like to quote two of them here: Abu Nadra reported: We were with the company of Jabir Ibn Abdillah... Jabir Ibn Abdillah kept quite for a while and then reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) having said: "There would be a Caliph in the last (period) of my Ummah who would freely give handfuls of wealth to the people without counting it.”I said to Abu Nadra and Abu al-Ala: Do you mean Umar Ibn Abd al-Aziz? Is It Permissible to Eat Foods Prepared by Christians, Jews and Non Ahl al-Kitab? • Ibn Abu Shaybah, another Sunni traditionist, and the mentor of al-Bukhari and Muslim, has reported several traditions about Imam al-Mahdi (as). Like the Imams before him, the twelfth Imam is said to have had a miraculous birth. Among my partisans, some will claim to have seen me with their eyes. For the Sunni brothers, there are six major collections of traditions based on the Sunni standards for verifying the authenticity of a tradition. There are many other important terms and practices widely accepted by the Sunnis but that are not explicitly mentioned in the Qur’an. Multiple Identities in a Pluralistic World: Shi‘ism in America, Sheikh Isa Qassim Terms Islamic Revolution as Great Dawn Coming after Long Night, Article: Divine Judgment versus Human Judgment, Imamiyah (Shiite): An Introduction to Islamic Jurisprudential Sects, Why Do the Shi’a Avoid Tarawih Congregations, Ayatollah Khamenei’s Letter to Ayatollah Sistani over Muqtada al-Sadr and Iraq Crisis, Frequently Asked Questions on Zakat Al-Fitrah, Call for papers, the Shia Institute Annual Symposium 2016, Violence and Sex Slavery in the Name of Shari’a by Wahhabism. Rodney Shakespeare Answers, Keep an Eye on Iran, it Gives Hope for the Future: British Scholar, Difference in Inheritance of Women and Men in Islamic Jurisprudence, In Pictures: Millions Hold Arbaeen Mourning Rituals in Karbala, In Pictures: Thousands of Bangladeshi People Protest against India Violence toward Muslims, Pictures: Iranian Muslim Scholars Mark Islamic Revolution Anniversary, Video: Thousands in Pakistan’s Lahore Condemn US Assassination of Gen. Soleimani, Video: Imam Khomeini’s Great Respect toward His Wife, Video: Funeral of Ayatollah Sayyid Abul Qasim al-Khoei [ra], Video: Ayatollah Khamenei’s Advice on Mourning in Muharram amid Coronavirus. #Special Specifications of Imam al-Mahdi (as) بِسْمِ اللَّـهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ. 12, • Arjahul Matalib, by Ubaidallah Hindi al-Hanafi, p380. ", Al-Saban in his book, "Is’af al-Raghibeen,”mentioned that: "The news about the appearance of the Mahdi are traceable back to the Prophet (S), and that he is one of the members of the family of the Prophet (S); and that he will fill the Earth with justice. According to the authors, this prohibition was maintained in effect up to at least the beginning of the minor Occultation. He will appear for a minimum of 7 or a maximum of 9 years; at that time, my Ummah will experience a bountiful favor like never before. ", • al-Sawa’iq al-Muhriqah, by Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Ch. ", • al-Sawa’iq al-Muhriqah, by Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Ch. Even Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728/1328), who is acclaimed by the Wahhabis, wrote in his book "Minhaj al-Sunnah”(v4, pp 211-212) that the traditions concerning the Mahdi are certainly reliable, and his student, al-Dhahabi, conformed with him in his summary of his teacher’s book. ‘Abdullah: “I heard the Prophet saying: ‘A group of Pure ones from my Community will fight continuously for the Truth (Haqq) until the Day of Judgement.’ He said: ‘Then will descend ‘Isa ibn Maryam. The universal sign of the Return consists in the generalized invasion of the earth by Evil. You will need to follow the instructions in that message in order to gain full access to the site. The Fatwa states: "The memorizers (Huffadh) and scholars of Hadith have verified that there are authentic (Sahih) and acceptable (Hasan) reports among the traditions related to al-Mahdi. 11, section 1, p250. In the end of the time, my Ummah will undergo very hard affliction like never before, so that man can not find any way out. Sunni reference: Sunan Ibn Majah, v2, Tradition #4085. Here are some of the name of some of these books: (1) "Kitab al-Mahdi,”by Abu Dawud. • al-Mahdi (as) is different than Prophet Jesus (the Messiah). Article: From Bidʻa to Sunna: The Wilayat of Ali in the Shiʻi Adhan, History of the Shi’a in the Time of Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (as), Conversion to Twelver Shi‘ism among American and Canadian Women, The Story of Rufino: Slavery, Freedom, and Islam in the Black Atlantic, Call for Papers: Free Speech, Scholarly Critique, and the Limits of Expression in Islam, Webinar: A Review on Dr. Robert Gleave’s Conception about Dispute between Akhbari and Usuli, International Conference on “Society and Culture in the Muslim World”, Khoja Heritage Festival 2020 – Birmingham, Can Islam Save the World? Muhammad asked Jesus for Narjis’s hand, and Ali and Simon Peter acted as witnesses to the marriage contract. THE CONCEPT OF MAHDI IN SUNNI ISLAM The Savior is a descendant of the Prophet whose expected return to rule the world will restore justice, peace, and true religion. His reign on earth shall be peaceful albeit, after defeating some evil armies. There are also many sayings of the companions (of the Prophet) which explicitly mention the Mahdi, which have the status of narrations from the Prophet since there is no question of establishing such saying through Ijtihad (one’s opinion and research)". Abu ‘Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haitham (965 - 1039), (c). See for instance: "Awnul Ma’bud”(which is the commentary of Sunan Abu Dawud), by al-Azimabadi, v11, pp 361-362, Tuhfatul Ahwadhi (which is the commentary of Sahih al-Tirmidhi), by al-Mubarakfuri, v6, p484, al-Tajul Jami’ lil Usul, by Shaikh Mansoor ‘Ali Nasif, v5, p341. To support this claim, Ibn Babuye dedicates six chapters of his Kamal al-din to those known for their extraordinarily long lives in the Arabic tradition. ", • Sahih al-Bukhari, Arabic-English, v4, Tradition #658. There was the problem of the succession to the Prophet as leader of the community after his death. Sunni Muslims' Al-Mahdi (Mehdi) Al-Mahdi (the Mahdi) is an Arabic word which means " The Guided ". Al-Hafidh Muhammad Ibn ‘Ali al-Shawkani (d. 1250/1834) wrote in a book called "al-Tawdhih fi twawatur ma jaa’a fil muntadar wad-djjal wal masih”(the explanation about the frequent reports concerning the Awaited one, the Dajjal, and the messiah) in which he wrote about Imam al-Mahdi (as) that: "The traditions about al-Mahdi have been related by numerous authorities and are therefor reliable beyond doubt or confusion, because in jurisprudence the qualification of Mutawatir is valid even for (traditions) with less than this number of narrations. They said: NO, (he would be Imam Mahdi). He will be from the progeny of Rasulullah (SAW) and will emerge at the age of forty. Jews, Christians, or Zoroastrians who at different times were subjected to the rules of those who did not share their religious heritage, cherished their traditions concerning a Messiah or Saoshyant of a divinely chosen line.”. Enter valid first name and last name with at least one space. These traditions are designated as Mutawatir, meaning that they have been reported from the Prophet successively by so many different unbroken chains of transmission and such a number of narrators in every generation that it would be virtually impossible to fabricate their existence without such fabrication becoming known. Merry Christmas from Ayatollahs Sistani and Khamenei’s Points of View, Any Transaction that Benefits Israel not Permissible: Ayatollah Sistani, Ayatollah Sistani’s Fatwa on Mourning Ceremony of Imam Hussain in Muharram during Covid19 Pandemic. Furthermore, Imam Qurtubi states that there are unknown transmitters in the chain of the narration of this hadith and that it is therefore weak. ", al-Hafidh Abul-Hasan Muhammad Ibn al-Husayn al-Sijistani al-Aburi al-Shafi’i (d. 363/974) said: "The traditions were related by numerous authorities and were spread far and wide by many narrators, from al-Mustafa (S) concerning al-Mahdi who is from the household (of the Prophet) and who will fill the world with justice..”. Shi’a Messianism does not fit theologically or logically into the framework of normative Islam.”, Riffat Hasan also relies on Fazlur Rahman’s comments showing that Messianism was not a part of original Islam. Abu’l Fath’ Abd al-Rahman al-Khazini, (b). There is a huge debate on the advent of Imam Mahdi in Muslims. During the Second Civil War, after the death of Mu’awia, the term first came to be used for an expected ruler who could restore Islam to its original perfection. It is believed that the Mahdi will come to fulfill the mission of all the prophets before him, and complete the task of Imam Husayn (the third Imam), the great martyr of Karbala. The belief in a temporary absence or occultation (ghayba) of the Mahdi and his eventual return in glory is also common. Finally, there is a hidden reason for the Occultation, that is said to be the most important of all, although it will not be revealed until the Return of the. The best formulation of the belief of all Muslims about al-Mahdi (as) has been given by a person who himself did not believe in his coming and who denied the validity of the traditions concerning this matter. In order to pass the CAPTCHA please enable JavaScript. At Samarra in Iraq, beside the shrines of the tenth and eleventh Imams, is a mosque under which there is a cave from where the Imam Mahdi is said to have disappeared when he was five years old. More important is the direct presence of Christianity in the popular concept and history of the Imams in Twelver Shi’ism. In one tradition, the Prophet is reported to have said: “The best of all acts carried out by my people is their expectation of release from suffering, granted to them by God.”. Then He will command him to reappear and take control of the world in order to restore justice and equity. The tradition states: "And no Mahdi except Jesus.”. • al-Mahdi (as) is from the progeny of Fatimah (sa), the daughter of the Prophet (S). (6)"Mahdi Aale Rasool,”by ‘Ali Ibn Sultan Muhammad al-Harawi al-Hanafi. The essence of Sunnite Islam is that the Muslim people will accede to self-rule, attaining a state of truth and certitude through their own exertions. ", • al-Sawa’iq al-Muhriqah, by Ibn Hajar, Ch. There are also controversial discussions about whether the idea of Messianism rightly belongs to Islam or not. This statement was accepted by the subsequent scholars as testified by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (See Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, v9, p144; Fat’h al-Bari, v7, p305), al-Qurtubi (al-Tathkirah, p617), al-Suyuti (al-Hawi, v2, pp 165-166), al-Muttaqi al-Hindi (al-Burhan fi Alamat Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, pp 175-176), Ibn Hajar al-Haythami (al-Sawa’iq al-Muhriqah, Ch. There is no doubt that the status of those reports are Sahih and Mutawatir. Several traditions mention the merit of Intizar al-faraj without specifying the nature and cause of suffering. there are some books in our website about Salat (da... Hugo: Do you plan to make the Book of Salat (Prayer) also available in English? In the rest of the authoritative collections of traditions, the Mahdi and all that concerns his advent is explicitly mentioned in traditions from the Prophet, which allows us to think that the idea is not exclusively Shi’ite. In the next part, however, we will discuss the points of differences between the Shi’a and most Sunnis on the issue of Imam al-Mahdi. In fact, the Imams prohibited the pronouncing of the latter’s name (al-nahy ‘an al-ism, al-man’ ‘an al-tasmiya). In every crisis and in times of turbulence, these beliefs served to raise their hopes. Then, how can Imam al-Mahdi (as) live so long? • A close version has also been narrated in Sunan Abu Dawud, English version, Ch. Moreover, despite the absence of the term “Mahdi”, both the Qur’an and the prophetic traditions (hadith) in the two Sahihs provide strong grounds for expecting the appearance of someone who, both through thought and deed, will represent the long-awaited spiritual “guide”. Dr. Fahimi: The personality of the Mahdi in the Shi'i traditions is prominent and clear. Al-Fusul al-‘ashara fi al-ghayba; Al-Murtada ‘Alam al-Huda (d. 436 AH/1044 AD), a disciple of al-Mufid; Ali al-Karajaki (d. 449 AH/1057 AD), another of al-Mufid’s disciples; and finally Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan al-Tusi (d.460 AH/1067 AD). He also states that this hadith contradicts all the hadiths reported by the Prophet about the Mahdi, descended from the Prophet’s family through Fatima. Thus, the twelfth Imam’s lineage combined both royalty and prophecy. Minority (Part 7), Shi’ite Reference: Usul Al-Kafi, Arabic-English Version, Part 1, Pp 31-49, Tradition #12 - Love of a Friend (Part 8), (a). Sunni reference: al-Sawa’iq al-Muhriqah, by Ibn Hajar, Ch. ), Subject: The Personality Of Uthman Part 2.1, Subject: The Personality Of Uthman Part 2.2, Subject: The Personality Of Uthman Part 2.3, Subject: The Personality Of Umar (Part 1: Creation Of New Islamic Law), Imam Husayn (as): A brief Description and Analysis. The expectation of release from suffering, grief and sorrow (Intizar al-faraj) is enjoined upon the believers. Necessity of the Existence of Imam al-Mahdi (as), The Knowledge of The Unseen & The Knowledge of The Book, Some Traditions on the Virtues of Imam ‘Ali (as), The Major Difference Between the Shi’a and the Sunni, The Events That Imam ‘Ali (as) Reminded The Tradition, A More Detailed Speech Of Prophet At The Pond Of Khum, The Chains (Asnad) Of Narrations Of Ghadir Khum, Sunni Traditionists Who Mentioned The Tradition Of Ghadir Khum, Sunni Commentators Of Qur’an Who Mentioned Ghadir Khum, Sunni Historians Who Mentioned The Tradition Of Ghadir Khum, The Tradition Of Ghadir Khum Is Parallel (Mutawatir), The Tradition Of Ghadir Khum Is Authentic (Sahih), The Companions Who Narrated The Tradition Of Ghadir Khum, The Prophet Announcing His Successor in His First Preach, The Opinion of Imam ‘Ali (as) on Caliphate, Sermon 7 of Nahjul Balagha: Survey of the Period After The Demise Of The Holy Prophet (S). The earth can never be devoid of the presence of the Imam, even if he be hidden or unknown. Now let us look at the false translation of Mr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan: Allah’s Apostle said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Al-Mahdi, “The Rightly Guided One”, is the name given to the restorer of religion and justice who, according to a widely held Muslim belief, will rule before the end of the world. Then Allah will appear a person from my progeny, that is my Ahlul-Bayt, who will fill the earth with justice as it was filled with injustice. 36, Tradition #4271 (narrated by Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet). His translation of the last portion of the tradition does not bear any similarity what so ever with the Arabic text of the tradition which is as follows: كيف أنتم إذا نزل اْبنُ مريم فيكم و إمامكم منكم؟. The recent Fatwa in this issue was given in Mecca by "The Muslim World League”(Rabitatul ‘Alamil Islami) on Oct. 11, 1976 (23 Shawwal 1396). The doctrine of Intizar has important connotations for the personal and political lives of the Twelver Shi’ite faithful during the Occultation of the Imam: their personal duties as believers vis-â-vis God and their attitude to the question of religious leadership and earthly government. Prophet Jesus is not the Imam of Muslims, and when he comes back, he will be the follower of the Imam of Muslims who is known as Imam al-Mahdi (as). The Twelver tradition illustrates this from as early as the fourth AH/tenth AD century, the hidden Imam living in his physical body, providentially endowed with a long life. 11, section 1, p254. The qualities of Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) were like the qualities of his fathers who were distinguished by them over all people. REFERENCES Islaam.org The similarity of this ideology in all religions and the question of its origin often leads to studies and conclusions on the influence of one religion on another as regards the Messianism issue. Following him, the Antichrist will appear, together with all the subsequent signs of the Hour (the Day of Judgement), as established in (the sound traditions of the Sahih)” [authoritative collections of the prophetic sayings recognized by the Sunnites]. A second kind of tradition, aimed only at the closest of disciples, contained specific information about the identity of the Mahdi. True expectation, according to Shari’ati, is “believing that in the life of humankind on this very earth and before death, not in the resurrection after death, history will bring about the triumph of the oppressed and destruction of the oppressors”. I should point out that, there exists a fabricated tradition which is mainly used by Ahmadis and Qadianis to prove that al-Mahdi and Jesus are the same. بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم Quelques Hadith de Noble Prophète (p) au sujet d’Imam Mahdi, sources : Sunnites Le Prophète (p) a dit : { Al-Mahdî est une vérité. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. • Iqd al-Durar Fi Akhbar al-Mahdi al-Muntadhar, v12, Ch. The author of the book, "Ghayah al-Ma’amool,”mentioned that: "It is a famous narration among the Scholars of the past and the present that there has to appear a man from the family of the Prophet (S) named al-Mahdi. Complying with the Shi’ite prophecies, he repeated that the Lord of the Age will come when the entire lifespan of humanity reaches its lowest ebb of corruption, but until that time, he recommended that the community of believers should settle on the leadership of a democratically elected jurist (faqih) to serve as the Hidden Imam’s general deputy (na’ibe ‘aam). Moezzi explains very clearly that the Imams passed on two kinds of traditions concerning the Mahdi: the first category contained confusing information, where the name of the Mahdi is not specified and was aimed at that large group of disciples who were involved in the writing down of traditions. Imam Mahdi went into occultation (disappearance; leaving among people while they can't recognize him) at the same time. History of Imam Mahdi's Birthday. It shall have a great abundance of food, of which it need not save anything, and the wealth at that time is in great quantities, such that if a man asks the Mahdi to give him some, and the Mahdi (as) will say: Here! From the Sunni (Ehl-e-Sunnat) school of thought, traditions on the subject of Imam Mahdi A.S. are being described below. They do not believe in the future restorer as one of the fundamental principles of faith, as do the Shi’ites. In this work, Imam Khomeiny advocated the necessity for instituting an Islamic government in the absence of the Hidden Imam in order to prepare the terrain for the Rise of the Mahdi. I should mention that this is not the only place that he has altered the text, and there are much more examples in this regard which proves his bias and his dishonesty. In Muslim traditions, it is said that he will appear alongside Jesus Christ and establish the Divine kingdom of God. Furthermore, a minority among the Sunnites do not accept that the Restorer will be called Mahdi and, indeed, entertain doubts as to his existence. IMPORTANT : All content hosted on Al-Islam.org is solely for non-commercial purposes and with the permission of original copyright holders. The major Occultation is still in effect, and will not end until the End of Time (akhir al-zaman) when the Mahdi comes back to re-establish Justice on earth. Mr. Muhsin Khan has trimmed the last part of the tradition which states that the Imam of Muslims (i.e., Imam al-Mahdi) is among Muslims when the son of marry descends. • Prophet Jesus (as) will come as one of the followers of Imam al-Mahdi and will pray behind him in congressional prayer. This will happen when the Mahdi will come, as mentioned in the traditions, and the Prophet Jesus will say his prayers behind him, the Dajjal will be slain, and then the signs of the Almighty will appear one after another. These six books are: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sahih al-Tirmidhi, Sunan Ibn Majah, Sunan Abu The Sunnites, in fact, expect the Mahdi to be the ultimate Caliph of the Prophet and to spread justice throughout the Earth. The Twelver Shi’ites during the occultation are superior to those in the company of the Mahdi, for the simple reason that the former must contend with tyrannical regimes, against which they move neither tongue nor hand nor sword in opposition. Q2) Every human is mortal. (2)"Alamat al-Mahdi,”by Jalaluddin al-Suyuti. The disappearance of the Mahdi and his Occultation are presented in the traditions as a severe test for the Shi’ite faithful, bringing with it much hardship and many schisms. The compilations of al-Kulayni, al-Nu’mani, and Ibn Babuye, to name the oldest and the best known, and numerous other Shi’ite works throughout the centuries, contain a number of eyewitness accounts from even ordinary people who were in great distress or other unfortunate circumstances and who claim having met the twelfth Imam.
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